Physician specialty
ENT (Otolaryngology)
At a glance
- Practicing in the U.S.
- 12,406
- Per 100,000 residents
- 3.7
- Women
- 23%
- Median years since graduating
- 22
Training path
- College (bachelor’s degree) 4 years
- Medical school (MD or DO) 4 years
- Otolaryngology – head and neck surgery residency 5 years
Training after medical school: 5 years. From the start of college: about 13 years.
Usual minimum program lengths from ACGME program requirements. Some doctors take extra research years or a second fellowship.
Who they are
- MD (DOs make up the rest) 96%
- Women 23%
- Graduated 35 or more years ago 22%
- Offer telehealth 21%
- Accept Medicare’s approved amount 96%
Sex and credentials from NPPES. Graduation year, telehealth and Medicare assignment from Medicare Care Compare, which covers clinicians enrolled in Medicare.
Where they practice
What they do most for Medicare patients
- Established patient office or other outpatient visit, 20-29 minutes 1,406,158
- Professional service for preparation and provision of 1 or more antigens 1,173,716
- Established patient office or other outpatient visit, 30-39 minutes 907,489
- Removal of impacted ear wax 695,992
- Test for allergy using allergenic extract 615,604
- New patient office or other outpatient visit, 30-44 minutes 519,916
- Diagnostic exam of nasal passages using an endoscope 489,682
- New patient office or other outpatient visit, 45-59 minutes 429,546
- Diagnostic exam of voice box using a flexible endoscope 374,683
- Professional service for multiple injections of allergen 374,282
- Test for allergy using allergenic extract injected into skin 286,546
- Comprehensive hearing and speech recognition test 178,629
Services billed to traditional Medicare in 2023 (Physician and Other Practitioners data); drugs given in the office are left out.
What they prescribe most
- Fluticasone Propionate (Flovent Hfa, Flovent Diskus, Xhance) 15.7%
- Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent Hfa) 9.9%
- Azelastine Hcl 9.2%
- Famotidine (Pepcid) 5.8%
- Omeprazole 5.2%
- Montelukast Sodium (Singulair) 4.1%
- Prednisone (Rayos) 3.5%
- Mupirocin 2.9%
- Amoxicillin/Potassium Clav (Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Pot Er, Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Potass) 2.9%
- Pantoprazole Sodium (Protonix Iv, Protonix) 2.6%
- Ofloxacin 2.5%
- Methylprednisolone (Medrol) 2.2%
- Varicella-Zoster Ge/As01b/Pf (Shingrix) 1.7%
- Fluocinolone Acetonide Oil (Dermotic) 1.7%
- Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride 1.6%
Share of this specialty’s Medicare Part D prescriptions in 2024, including refills. Select a drug to see which of these clinicians prescribe it most, and where.
Hospitals where the most work
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary - Boston, MA 98 ENT (Otolaryngology) at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary -
- Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA 63 ENT (Otolaryngology) at Massachusetts General Hospital
- Hospital of Univ of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 63 ENT (Otolaryngology) at Hospital of Univ of Pennsylvania
- Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA 58 ENT (Otolaryngology) at Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Northside Hospital Atlanta, GA 49 ENT (Otolaryngology) at Northside Hospital
- Stanford Health Care Stanford, CA 46 ENT (Otolaryngology) at Stanford Health Care
- North Shore University Hospital Manhasset, NY 46 ENT (Otolaryngology) at North Shore University Hospital
- Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Baltimore, MD 46 ENT (Otolaryngology) at Johns Hopkins Hospital, the
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital New York, NY 44 ENT (Otolaryngology) at New York-Presbyterian Hospital
- Adventhealth Orlando Orlando, FL 44 ENT (Otolaryngology) at Adventhealth Orlando
Clinicians who list the hospital in Medicare Care Compare. The number opens the list of who works there.
Schools they graduated from most
- Indiana University School of Medicine 136
- Baylor College of Medicine 131
- University of Michigan Medical School 125
- Ohio State University College of Medicine 108
- Tulane University School of Medicine 100
- Louisiana State University School of Medicine in New Orleans 99
- Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University 95
- New York University School of Medicine 95
- Boston University School of Medicine 91
- University of Virginia School of Medicine 90
From Medicare Care Compare (Medicare-enrolled clinicians only).
Industry payments
Drug and device makers reported $16.6M in general payments to 7,236 clinicians in ENT (Otolaryngology) in 2025. See who received the most
Source: CMS Open Payments, program year 2025. A payment is not evidence of wrongdoing.
Research in this field
U.S. researchers published 4,371 articles and reviews in otorhinolaryngology in 2024–2026.
Journals with the most U.S. papers
- International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics Elsevier BV 353
- The Laryngoscope Wiley 191
- Otolaryngology Wiley 159
- Head & Neck Wiley 159
- International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology Wiley 156
- Journal of Clinical Oncology Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 134
- JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery American Medical Association 125
- Oral Oncology Elsevier BV 117
- Cureus Cureus, Inc. 112
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Elsevier BV 100
Most-cited recent papers
- Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer (opens in a new tab) New England Journal of Medicine, 2025 · cited 473 times · free to read
- Pembrolizumab plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus placebo plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (KEYNOTE-412): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial (opens in a new tab) The Lancet Oncology, 2024 · cited 281 times · free to read
- Tezepelumab in Adults with Severe Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (opens in a new tab) New England Journal of Medicine, 2025 · cited 241 times · free to read
- NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Head and Neck Cancers, Version 2.2025 (opens in a new tab) Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 2025 · cited 238 times
- Ninth Version of the AJCC and UICC Nasopharyngeal Cancer TNM Staging Classification (opens in a new tab) JAMA Oncology, 2024 · cited 149 times · free to read
- The interleukin-4/interleukin-13 pathway in type 2 inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (opens in a new tab) Frontiers in Immunology, 2024 · cited 129 times · free to read
- Global Incidence and Prevalence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review (opens in a new tab) Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2024 · cited 122 times · free to read
- Hypoxia-Directed Treatment of Human Papillomavirus–Related Oropharyngeal Carcinoma (opens in a new tab) Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2024 · cited 114 times · free to read
From OpenAlex, an open index of research papers. Papers with at least one author at a U.S. institution, classified by subject; the subject covers the whole field, so related specialties share these lists. Citation counts change daily.
Sources: CMS NPPES (counts, sex, credentials), Medicare Care Compare (schools, graduation years, hospitals, telehealth), CMS Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners (2023) and Part D Prescribers (2024), CMS Open Payments (2025), ACGME program requirements (training length), OpenAlex (research), U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024 (population).