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Physician specialty

Fertility (Reproductive Endocrinology)

Find: Fertility (Reproductive Endocrinology) →

At a glance

Practicing in the U.S.
1,752
Per 100,000 residents
0.5
Women
51%
Median years since graduating
28

Training path

  1. College (bachelor’s degree) 4 years
  2. Medical school (MD or DO) 4 years
  3. Obstetrics and gynecology residency 4 years
  4. Reproductive endocrinology and infertility fellowship 3 years

Training after medical school: 7 years. From the start of college: about 15 years.

Usual minimum program lengths from ACGME program requirements. Some doctors take extra research years or a second fellowship.

Who they are

  • MD (DOs make up the rest) 97%
  • Women 51%
  • Graduated 35 or more years ago 39%
  • Offer telehealth 9%
  • Accept Medicare’s approved amount 88%

Sex and credentials from NPPES. Graduation year, telehealth and Medicare assignment from Medicare Care Compare, which covers clinicians enrolled in Medicare.

Where they practice

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What they do most for Medicare patients

  • Established patient office or other outpatient visit, 30-39 minutes 1,682
  • Established patient office or other outpatient visit, 20-29 minutes 1,665
  • Complete ultrasound scan of joint 1,195
  • Dxa bone density measurement of hip, pelvis, spine 1,021
  • Ultrasound scan of uterus, ovaries, tubes, cervix and pelvic area through vagina 893
  • Complete ultrasound scan behind abdominal cavity 625
  • Complete ultrasound scan of abdomen 624
  • Complete ultrasound of abdomen and pelvis artery and vein blood flow 616
  • Ultrasound of heart with color-depicted blood flow, rate, direction and valve function 616
  • Ultrasound of both sides of head and neck blood flow 605
  • Ultrasound of leg arteries or artery grafts 604
  • Ultrasound study of arm or leg veins with compression and maneuvers 601

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Services billed to traditional Medicare in 2023 (Physician and Other Practitioners data); drugs given in the office are left out.

What they prescribe most

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Share of this specialty’s Medicare Part D prescriptions in 2024, including refills. Select a drug to see which of these clinicians prescribe it most, and where.

Hospitals where the most work

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Clinicians who list the hospital in Medicare Care Compare. The number opens the list of who works there.

Schools they graduated from most

  • Harvard Medical School 7
  • Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 5
  • University of Connecticut School of Medicine 5
  • University of Kansas School of Med (kc/wich/sal) 5
  • Duke University School of Medicine 4
  • University of Cincinnati College of Medicine 4
  • University of Virginia School of Medicine 4
  • Boston University School of Medicine 3
  • Emory University School of Medicine 3
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3

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From Medicare Care Compare (Medicare-enrolled clinicians only).

Industry payments

Drug and device makers reported $993,051 in general payments to 1,013 clinicians in Fertility (Reproductive Endocrinology) in 2025. See who received the most

Source: CMS Open Payments, program year 2025. A payment is not evidence of wrongdoing.

Research in this field

U.S. researchers published 6,342 articles and reviews in reproductive medicine in 2024–2026.

Journals with the most U.S. papers

  • Fertility and Sterility Elsevier BV 923
  • Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology Elsevier BV 202
  • Human Reproduction Oxford University Press 157
  • Journal of the Endocrine Society Endocrine Society 145
  • Biology of Reproduction Oxford University Press 133
  • Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics Springer Science+Business Media 129
  • The Journal of Sexual Medicine Elsevier BV 106
  • Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Elsevier BV 87
  • Reproduction Fertility and Development CSIRO Publishing 83
  • Reproductive BioMedicine Online Elsevier BV 71

Most-cited recent papers

  1. Polycystic ovary syndrome (opens in a new tab) Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 2024 · cited 562 times · free to read
  2. Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome, the new name for polycystic ovary syndrome: a multistep global consensus process (opens in a new tab) The Lancet, 2026 · cited 482 times · free to read
  3. Fertility Preservation in People With Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update (opens in a new tab) Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2025 · cited 355 times
  4. Endometriosis (opens in a new tab) JAMA, 2025 · cited 323 times · free to read
  5. Global prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in women worldwide: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis (opens in a new tab) Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2024 · cited 240 times
  6. Updates to Male Infertility: AUA/ASRM Guideline (2024) (opens in a new tab) The Journal of Urology, 2024 · cited 212 times
  7. A single-cell atlas of the aging mouse ovary (opens in a new tab) Nature Aging, 2024 · cited 204 times · free to read
  8. Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency, (opens in a new tab) Human Reproduction Open, 2024 · cited 203 times · free to read

From OpenAlex, an open index of research papers. Papers with at least one author at a U.S. institution, classified by subject; the subject covers the whole field, so related specialties share these lists. Citation counts change daily.

Sources: CMS NPPES (counts, sex, credentials), Medicare Care Compare (schools, graduation years, hospitals, telehealth), CMS Medicare Physician & Other Practitioners (2023) and Part D Prescribers (2024), CMS Open Payments (2025), ACGME program requirements (training length), OpenAlex (research), U.S. Census Bureau ACS 2020–2024 (population).